Endodontics

What is endodontics?

Endodontics is the branch of dentistry concerned with the prevention and treatment of diseases of the dental pulp (nerve) and surrounding supporting tissues. The term endodontics can be translated as “knowledge of what is inside the tooth.” Inside the tooth is the pulp, which contains soft tissue, nerves, and blood vessels. When the pulp becomes diseased, the most common treatment is root canal therapy.

An endodontist has three years of specialist training in treating teeth that require root canal therapy, performing surgical procedures related to root canal fillings, and managing patients in pain. They also handle the assessment and treatment of teeth damaged by trauma (such as falls or blows).

The field overlaps with other dental disciplines, including cariology, oral microbiology, prosthodontics, and oral surgery.

Endodontic treatment

During the initial consultation, several X-rays are taken to ensure the best possible diagnosis of the tooth and root canals. The specialist will then carefully explain the treatment plan, the prognosis for the tooth, and whether the tooth will require further prosthetic work after the endodontic treatment is complete.

Root canal treatment is performed under effective local anesthesia, typically using mechanical instruments. To ensure a sterile environment, the tooth is isolated from oral bacteria using a rubber dam. Depending on the diagnosis, the root canal procedure may be completed in one or more sessions, which will be discussed during your treatment consultation.

It is common to experience mild, temporary soreness following treatment. In rare cases, you may experience pain or swelling. Please contact the specialist if the pain persists or the swelling increases, as further treatment may be necessary.

Once endodontic treatment is complete, the endodontist will send a report (epicrisis) to your referring dentist. This report details the treatment performed and the expected prognosis. Your referring dentist will then complete the final restoration of the tooth and provide follow-up care. Root-treated teeth require annual X-ray check-ups for five years.

Root canal treatment is considered a very safe procedure. Most treatments performed by an endodontist are successful, with research showing success rates of up to 95% (depending on the diagnosis). In rare instances, a tooth may require further endodontic intervention after the initial root canal is finished.